Mounting an ISO image to a folder and accessing the contents of the image is very simple. Firstly we need to create a directory to mount the image to.
|{/mnt/Elements/Files/ISOs}-{Fri Mar 22 23:52:17}
-{john@adeptus-mechanicus } $ sudo mkdir /root/img
[sudo] password for john:
Then we can use the mount command to mount the ISO image as a loopback device.
|{/mnt/Elements/Files/ISOs}-{Fri Mar 22 23:55:47}
-{john@adeptus-mechanicus } $ sudo mount -o loop linuxmint-13-mate-dvd-64bit.iso /root/img
mount: warning: /root/img seems to be mounted read-only.
And then you may access the contents. It is mounted read-only, but you can copy files out of the ISO image if you wish.
{/mnt/Elements/Files/ISOs}-{Fri Mar 22 23:57:43}
-{john@adeptus-mechanicus } $ sudo ls -hula /root/img
total 2.4M
dr-xr-xr-x 9 root root 2.0K May 21 2012 .
drwx------ 12 root root 4.0K Mar 5 21:31 ..
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2.0K May 21 2012 .disk
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 185 May 20 2012 autorun.inf
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2.0K May 20 2012 boot
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2.0K May 21 2012 casper
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2.0K May 20 2012 efi
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2.0K May 20 2012 install
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2.0K May 20 2012 isolinux
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 13K May 21 2012 md5sum.txt
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2.3M May 21 2012 mint4win.exe
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2.0K May 20 2012 preseed
Once you are done with the ISO image you may unmount it this way.
|{/mnt}-{Sat Mar 23 12:24:46}
-{john@adeptus-mechanicus } $ sudo umount /root/img
[sudo] password for john:
The ps command is very useful for keeping track of your running processes. The Tron Legacy movie showed the real use of this command with the ps -ef | grep command to find a certain process. The command works exactly the same when used with Linux Mint Debian Edition and the bash shell.
john@debian-mint:~$ ps -ef | grep 2801
root 2801 1 0 20:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
john 5592 5507 0 22:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep 2801
The ps -ef command is used to find every running process on the system and output the data using standard syntax. Then the technician used the grep command to only output the rogue process he was looking for.
If you execute the ps -t command with a number as shown below; you may then see what processes are running on that tty.
john@debian-mint:~/Documents$ ps -t 7
PID TTY TIME CMD
3205 tty7 00:03:47 Xorg
Of course the tty7 has Xorg running on my Linux Mint Netbook. And the command below will show all processes that are running as root.
john@debian-mint:~/Documents$ ps -U root -u root u
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.0 2280 732 ? Ss 20:30 0:01 init [2]
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:03 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kworker/0:0H]
root 7 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kworker/u:0H]
root 8 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [migration/0]
root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [rcu_bh]
root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:03 [rcu_sched]
root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [watchdog/0]
root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [watchdog/1]
root 13 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [migration/1]
root 14 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:02 [ksoftirqd/1]
root 16 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kworker/1:0H]
root 17 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [khelper]
root 18 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [kdevtmpfs]
root 19 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [netns]
root 20 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [bdi-default]
root 21 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kintegrityd]
root 22 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kblockd]
root 23 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [ata_sff]
root 24 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [khubd]
root 25 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [md]
root 26 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [devfreq_wq]
root 29 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [khungtaskd]
root 30 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [kswapd0]
root 31 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 20:30 0:00 [ksmd]
root 32 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 20:30 0:00 [khugepaged]
root 33 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [fsnotify_mark]
root 34 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [ecryptfs-kthrea]
root 35 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [crypto]
root 46 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kthrotld]
root 49 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [binder]
root 68 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [deferwq]
root 69 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [charger_manager]
root 180 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [scsi_eh_0]
root 182 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [scsi_eh_1]
root 184 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [scsi_eh_2]
root 185 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [scsi_eh_3]
root 253 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [xfsalloc]
root 254 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [xfs_mru_cache]
root 255 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [xfslogd]
root 257 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [xfs-data/sda1]
root 258 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda1]
root 259 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda1]
root 262 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kworker/0:1H]
root 263 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:30 0:00 [xfsaild/sda1]
root 390 0.0 0.0 3080 1644 ? Ss 20:30 0:00 udevd --daemon
root 593 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kpsmoused]
root 605 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [kworker/1:1H]
root 609 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [led_workqueue]
root 650 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [cfg80211]
root 660 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 20:30 0:00 [hd-audio0]
root 2287 0.1 0.0 29544 1940 ? Sl 20:30 0:11 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -c5
daemon 2373 0.0 0.0 2152 120 ? Ss 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/atd
root 2392 0.0 0.0 3840 980 ? Ss 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/cron
root 2560 0.0 0.0 10480 936 ? Sl 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/pcscd
root 2561 0.0 0.0 5212 1056 ? S 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -u 111:122
root 2596 0.0 0.0 1932 604 ? S 20:30 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
root 2801 0.0 0.0 6464 1064 ? Ss 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root 2986 0.0 0.0 1852 552 ? S 20:30 0:00 logger -t mysqld -p daemon.error
root 3017 0.0 0.2 19280 5016 ? Ssl 20:30 0:02 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager
root 3127 0.0 0.1 18024 2868 ? Sl 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/gdm3
root 3163 0.0 0.2 25996 4272 ? Sl 20:30 0:02 /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd --no-debug
root 3193 0.0 0.2 20568 4148 ? Sl 20:30 0:00 /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-simple-slave --display-id /org/gnome/Displ
root 3204 0.0 0.1 6968 2776 ? S 20:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager
root 3205 2.5 0.5 32588 11300 tty7 Ss+ 20:30 3:56 /usr/bin/Xorg :0 -br -verbose -novtswitch -auth /var/run/gdm
root 3234 0.0 0.1 5820 2664 ? S 20:30 0:01 /sbin/wpa_supplicant -u -s -O /var/run/wpa_supplicant
root 3308 0.0 0.0 1848 296 ? Ss 20:31 0:00 /usr/sbin/minissdpd -i 0.0.0.0
root 3331 0.0 0.0 3784 856 tty1 Ss+ 20:31 0:00 /sbin/getty 38400 tty1
root 3332 0.0 0.0 3784 856 tty2 Ss+ 20:31 0:00 /sbin/getty 38400 tty2
root 3333 0.0 0.0 3784 860 tty3 Ss+ 20:31 0:00 /sbin/getty 38400 tty3
root 3334 0.0 0.0 3784 864 tty4 Ss+ 20:31 0:00 /sbin/getty 38400 tty4
root 3335 0.0 0.0 3784 856 tty5 Ss+ 20:31 0:00 /sbin/getty 38400 tty5
root 3336 0.0 0.0 3784 852 tty6 Ss+ 20:31 0:00 /sbin/getty 38400 tty6
root 3441 0.0 0.1 23388 3052 ? Sl 20:31 0:00 /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon
root 3445 0.0 0.1 29032 3412 ? Sl 20:31 0:00 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon
root 3542 0.0 0.1 27516 4024 ? Sl 20:31 0:00 /usr/lib/upower/upowerd
root 3716 0.0 0.1 27916 4028 ? Sl 20:31 0:00 gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm3]
root 3722 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 20:32 0:00 [kauditd]
root 3824 0.0 0.1 24276 3820 ? Sl 20:32 0:01 /usr/lib/udisks/udisks-daemon
root 3825 0.0 0.0 6352 720 ? S 20:32 0:02 udisks-daemon: polling /dev/sdb
root 5266 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:11 0:02 [kworker/0:2]
root 5583 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:26 0:00 [kworker/1:2]
root 5661 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:45 0:00 [flush-8:0]
root 5673 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:50 0:00 [scsi_eh_6]
root 5674 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:50 0:00 [usb-storage]
root 5679 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:50 0:00 [kworker/u:3]
root 5681 0.0 0.0 3076 1320 ? S 22:50 0:00 udevd --daemon
root 5682 0.0 0.0 3076 1316 ? S 22:50 0:00 udevd --daemon
root 5697 0.0 0.0 3160 1292 ? Ss 22:50 0:00 /sbin/mount.ntfs /dev/sdb1 /media/Movies -o rw,nosuid,nodev,
root 5770 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:55 0:00 [kworker/1:0]
root 5792 0.1 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:55 0:00 [kworker/u:0]
root 5826 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 22:59 0:00 [kworker/0:1]
root 5830 0.1 0.0 0 0 ? S 23:00 0:00 [kworker/1:1]
root 5831 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 23:01 0:00 [kworker/u:1]
Finally; here is an awesome command; this one prints out a lovely tree view of the running processes using Unicode characters.
john@debian-mint:~/Documents$ pstree -Upg
init(1,1)─┬─NetworkManager(3017,3017)───{NetworkManager}(3161,3017)
├─accounts-daemon(3441,2755)───{accounts-daemon}(3443,2755)
├─apache2(3926,3926)─┬─apache2(3927,3926)
│ └─apache2(3928,3926)─┬─{apache2}(3930,3926)
│ ├─{apache2}(3931,3926)
│ ├─{apache2}(3932,3926)
│ └─{apache2}(3933,3926)
├─atd(2373,2373)
├─avahi-daemon(2960,2959)───avahi-daemon(2961,2959)
├─colord(3833,2755)───{colord}(3845,2755)
├─colord-sane(3850,2755)─┬─{colord-sane}(3852,2755)
│ └─{colord-sane}(5715,2755)
├─console-kit-dae(3445,2755)─┬─{console-kit-dae}(3446,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3447,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3448,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3449,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3450,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3451,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3452,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3453,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3454,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3455,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3456,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3457,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3458,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3459,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3460,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3461,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3462,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3463,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3464,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3465,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3466,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3467,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3468,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3469,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3470,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3471,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3472,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3473,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3474,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3475,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3476,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3477,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3478,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3479,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3480,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3481,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3482,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3483,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3484,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3485,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3486,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3487,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3488,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3489,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3490,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3491,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3492,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3493,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3494,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3495,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3496,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3497,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3498,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3499,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3500,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3501,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3502,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3503,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3504,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3505,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3506,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3507,2755)
│ ├─{console-kit-dae}(3509,2755)
│ └─{console-kit-dae}(3510,2755)
├─cron(2392,2392)
├─dbus-daemon(2755,2755)
├─dbus-daemon(3793,3793)
├─dbus-launch(3792,3738)
├─dconf-service(3865,3793)─┬─{dconf-service}(3866,3793)
│ └─{dconf-service}(3868,3793)
├─gconfd-2(3863,3793)
├─gdm3(3127,3126)─┬─gdm-simple-slav(3193,3126)─┬─Xorg(3205,3205)
│ │ ├─gdm-session-wor(3716,3126)─┬─gnome-session(3738,3738)─┬─blueman-a+
│ │ │ │ ├─bluetooth+
│ │ │ │ ├─evolution+
│ │ │ │ ├─gdu-notif+
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-fal+
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-pan+
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-scr+
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-set+
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-sou+
│ │ │ │ ├─gnome-use+
│ │ │ │ ├─metacity(+
│ │ │ │ ├─mintupdat+
│ │ │ │ ├─nm-applet+
│ │ │ │ ├─notificat+
│ │ │ │ ├─polkit-gn+
│ │ │ │ ├─ssh-agent+
│ │ │ │ ├─system-co+
│ │ │ │ ├─tracker-m+
│ │ │ │ ├─tracker-s+
│ │ │ │ ├─{gnome-se+
│ │ │ │ ├─{gnome-se+
│ │ │ │ └─{gnome-se+
│ │ │ ├─{gdm-session-wor}(3717,3126)
│ │ │ └─{gdm-session-wor}(3739,3126)
│ │ └─{gdm-simple-slav}(3216,3126)
│ └─{gdm3}(3202,3126)
├─getty(3331,3331)
├─getty(3332,3332)
├─getty(3333,3333)
├─getty(3334,3334)
├─getty(3335,3335)
├─getty(3336,3336)
├─gnome-keyring-d(3720,3126)─┬─{gnome-keyring-d}(3721,3126)
│ ├─{gnome-keyring-d}(3799,3126)
│ ├─{gnome-keyring-d}(3802,3126)
│ ├─{gnome-keyring-d}(3805,3126)
│ ├─{gnome-keyring-d}(3958,3126)
│ ├─{gnome-keyring-d}(3994,3126)
│ └─{gnome-keyring-d}(3995,3126)
├─goa-daemon(3991,3793)───{goa-daemon}(4004,3793)
├─gsd-printer(3842,3738)───{gsd-printer}(3846,3738)
├─gvfs-afc-volume(3830,3793)───{gvfs-afc-volume}(3831,3793)
├─gvfs-gdu-volume(3822,3793)
├─gvfs-gphoto2-vo(3828,3793)
├─gvfsd(3811,3793)
├─gvfsd-burn(4223,3793)
├─gvfsd-metadata(4167,3793)
├─gvfsd-trash(4221,3793)
├─minissdpd(3308,3308)
├─mission-control(3979,3793)─┬─{mission-control}(3989,3793)
│ └─{mission-control}(3996,3793)
├─modem-manager(3204,2755)
├─mount.ntfs(5697,5697)
├─mysqld_safe(2596,2430)─┬─logger(2986,2430)
│ └─mysqld(2985,2430)─┬─{mysqld}(3037,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3038,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3039,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3040,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3041,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3042,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3043,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3044,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3045,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3046,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3198,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3199,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3200,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3201,2430)
│ ├─{mysqld}(3232,2430)
│ └─{mysqld}(3241,2430)
├─ntpd(2528,2528)───ntpd(2561,2528)
├─obex-data-serve(4016,3793)
├─pcscd(2560,2547)───{pcscd}(2562,2547)
├─polkitd(3163,2755)───{polkitd}(3196,2755)
├─portmap(1884,1884)
├─pulseaudio(3817,3816)─┬─{pulseaudio}(3818,3816)
│ └─{pulseaudio}(3819,3816)
├─rsyslogd(2287,2180)─┬─{rsyslogd}(2305,2180)
│ ├─{rsyslogd}(2306,2180)
│ └─{rsyslogd}(2307,2180)
├─rtkit-daemon(3676,2755)─┬─{rtkit-daemon}(3677,2755)
│ └─{rtkit-daemon}(3678,2755)
├─sshd(2801,2801)
├─udevd(390,390)─┬─udevd(5681,390)
│ └─udevd(5682,390)
├─udisks-daemon(3824,2755)─┬─udisks-daemon(3825,2755)
│ ├─{udisks-daemon}(3826,2755)
│ └─{udisks-daemon}(3950,2755)
├─upowerd(3542,2755)─┬─{upowerd}(3543,2755)
│ └─{upowerd}(3544,2755)
└─wpa_supplicant(3234,2755)
And the uname -r command is the best way to find your exact kernel version.
john@debian-mint:~/Documents$ uname -r
3.9.0-030900rc4-generic
The Linux distribution that I am using works very well when you are connected to a network. You can see other computers on a Windows network and shared folders. The only frustration is that sharing out a folder on Ubuntu 12.04 server and then viewing that shared folder with a Kubuntu 12.10 live DVD does not seem to work very well indeed. They need to make an Ubuntu distribution that includes all of the necessary Samba packages and other networking components. This would make it possible to load up the Live DVD discs on multiple computers and then test out an Ubuntu network. But I will just install the Ubuntu 12.10 distribution on the machine and then try to connect to the Ubuntu server. I did have the LAMP server role installed. This means that the machine can serve out a simple web page. I can see that just fine over the network in Firefox on Windows 7 but the Samba shares will not appear. I need to investigate this more and find a solution that may enable the sharing of files from a Linux server to a Windows network. Ubuntu does work very well though when you couple it with a Windows network.
