Windows 10 is the current operating system that Microsoft are pimping, but Linux is still very important. Servers run the free operating system, and there are many jobs that require Linux administration experience. The Windows 10 bash shell cannot run server software such as Apache and MySQL, this means that an actual Linux machine is … Read more
The much-hyped Windows 10 bash shell is quite underwhelming to say the least. This is good as an SSH client and to browse the web using Lynx, but ping and ifconfig do not work at all. I could not get the MySQL server running either. This is what I get when trying to start the … Read more
Location of the Windows 10 bash shell files This is the location of the actual files that are installed when you install the Windows 10 bash shell. This means that it is not really a ext4 filesystem, but emulating this when you load it up in a CMD window. %localappdata%\lxss\rootfs%localappdata%\lxss\rootfs The location of the actual … Read more
Manipulating environment variables in the bash shell is very useful indeed, this shows a few examples. This uses the feature of the Linux shell called parameter expansion. This replaces the name of an environment variable with it`s contents when echoed to the shell. These few examples show how the content echoed to the terminal may … Read more
The new Windows 10 bash shell is not very impressive once you get it installed. I have tried it and I could not ping websites even though Microsoft Edge could access the Internet. It is possible to install packages if these lines are added to the /etc/hosts file. 91.189.91.14 archive.ubuntu.com 91.189.92.201 security.ubuntu.com91.189.91.14 archive.ubuntu.com 91.189.92.201 security.ubuntu.com … Read more
The new bash shell in Windows 10 build 10.0.14316 is the best addition to Windows 10 yet. Here I am getting information about the CPU. root@localhost:/mnt/c/Users/johnc# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 60 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4670K CPU @ 3.40GHz stepping : 3 microcode : … Read more
Windows 10 is getting a bash shell in the summer release. This is a couple of months away. But here are a couple of screenshots from developers I have found on the web that show what this will look like. Here a person is installing the bash shell using CMD. Now this is the bash … Read more
Apparently, the Linux bash shell is coming to Windows 10. This will offer a fully functional Linux bash prompt in the Windows app store, a good alternative to Powershell. This is in partnership with Canonical who work on the Ubuntu Linux distribution. As long as this offers tools such as dig, wget, and whois, it … Read more
This command will return only the IP address of the host. ubuntu ~ $ hostname -i 172.31.20.16ubuntu ~ $ hostname -i 172.31.20.16 Querying for all local IP addresses on the host. ubuntu ~ $ hostname -I 172.31.20.16 10.8.0.1ubuntu ~ $ hostname -I 172.31.20.16 10.8.0.1 This simple script will ping Google and will check the return … Read more
Deleting a directory on Linux is very easy indeed. The rmdir command will perform this task adequately. You could also use the rm -rf abc/ command to delete a directory, but rmdir is easier to remember. eyjafjallajkull% rmdir abceyjafjallajkull% rmdir abc The rmdir command will not be able to delete a directory that is not … Read more
This simple little script will print an updating clock in the terminal. #!/bin/sh watch -t -n 1 ‘date +%H:%M:%S | figlet’#!/bin/sh watch -t -n 1 ‘date +%H:%M:%S | figlet’ This version will print a cow that tells you the time. #!/bin/sh watch -t -n 1 ‘date +%H:%M:%S | cowsay’#!/bin/sh watch -t -n 1 … Read more
Navigating the Linux filesystem is very easy. The cd command is used to move to another directory. But there are other ways too. To navigate back to the last directory you were in, type cd -. This will take you back to where you were before. ubuntu /usr/share $ cd – /home/ubuntuubuntu /usr/share $ cd … Read more
If you have appended this to the end of the grub command line to change a lost password: init=/bin/bash Ubuntu and you get this error. root@USB-h55-PC:~# passwd jason Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchangedroot@USB-h55-PC:~# passwd jason Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: … Read more
If you click a link in Google and the forum post you wanted to read requires a login to view, click back and then click the green drop down arrow at the end of the link, then click the cached option. This will open a cached version of the forum posting. This way, you can … Read more
The lsdvb command will list all installed DVB hardware in your Linux system. Here it is showing my Realtek DVB stick. You need to use sudo to enable this command to gather more information. jason-H55-USB3 [lsdvb] ~/Documents jason-H55-USB3% sudo lsdvb lsdvb: Simple utility to list PCI/PCIe DVB devices Version: 0.0.4 Copyright (C) Manu Abraham … Read more
The useradd command is used to add new users on your Linux system. But it can be used for other things too. You may display the defaults for new users. jason-H55-USB3% sudo useradd -D GROUP=100 HOME=/home INACTIVE=-1 EXPIRE= SHELL=/bin/sh SKEL=/etc/skel CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=nojason-H55-USB3% sudo useradd -D GROUP=100 HOME=/home INACTIVE=-1 EXPIRE= SHELL=/bin/sh SKEL=/etc/skel CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=no Use the -s parameter … Read more
This is a variant of the shellshock bug for bash that still works on a patched system. I am using Ubuntu 14.04 and this still works for me. env VAR1=’me() {echo "hello"}\ ‘ /bin/touch /home/$LOGNAME/my.textenv VAR1=’me() {echo "hello"}\ ‘ /bin/touch /home/$LOGNAME/my.text So you can still put arbitrary content after the function definition in a bash … Read more
A vulnerable cygwin shell. Using the shellshock vulnerability to run ls in cygwin. Homer@bejiitas ~ $ x='() { :;}; `/bin/ls -hula`’ bash -c : bash: total 53K drwxrwxr-x+ 1 Homer Homer 0 Sep 26 18:38 . drwxrwxrwt+ 1 Homer Homer 0 Sep 26 2013 .. -rw-rw—- 1 Homer Homer 222 Sep 26 2013 .bash_history -rwxrwxr-x … Read more
Use this command to find all files in a directory that are larger than 1 megabyte. find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -size +1M -exec ls -Shal {} \+ | headfind . -maxdepth 1 -type f -size +1M -exec ls -Shal {} \+ | head Here is this command in practice. This is a very … Read more
This example uses sed to replace the beginning word of a sentence. Administrator@WIN-EM8GK0ROU41 ~ $ echo "this is a line of text." | sed "s/this/This/gi;" This is a line of text.Administrator@WIN-EM8GK0ROU41 ~ $ echo "this is a line of text." | sed "s/this/This/gi;" This is a line of text. This is a better way to … Read more