How to install and use MySQL in 2022. This has changed a bit since the early days.

jason@jason-Lenovo-H50-55:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
[sudo] password for jason: 
 
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
 
Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the component.
Please set the password for root here.
 
New password: 
 
Re-enter new password: 
 
Estimated strength of the password: 50 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
 ... Failed! Error: SET PASSWORD has no significance for user 'root'@'localhost' as the authentication method used doesn't store authentication data 
in the MySQL server. Please consider using ALTER USER instead if you want to change authentication parameters.

jason@jason-Lenovo-H50-55:~$ sudo apt install mysql-server mysql-client

jason@jason-Lenovo-H50-55:~$ sudo mysql
[sudo] password for jason: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 (Ubuntu)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password by '6ff1209daFFG64&*(';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
 
mysql>

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password by '6ff1209daFFG64&*(';

jason@jason-Lenovo-H50-55:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
 
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
 
Enter password for user root: 
The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the component.
Using existing password for root.
 
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n
 
 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
 
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
 
 
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
 
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
 
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
 
 
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.
 
 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
 
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
 
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.

jason@jason-Lenovo-H50-55:~$ sudo mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 (Ubuntu)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql>